Introduction Of Quantum Computing

Quantum Computation it self is a field of study that is focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of quantum theory, which explains the nature and behavior of energy and matter on quantum (atomic and subatomic) levels.

There is also Quantum Computer. Then what's the difference with Quantum Computer?

It is a calculating tool that uses quantum mechanics such as superposition and interconnection, which is used for data operations. The calculation of the amount of data in classical computing is calculated with bits, while calculating the amount of data on quantum computers is done with qubit. The basic principle of quantum computers is that the quantum properties of particles can be used to represent data and data structures, and that quantum mechanics can be used to perform operations with this data. In this case to develop a computer with a quantum system required a new logic in accordance with quantum principles.

Operation of Qubit Data

A qubit is the basic unit of information in a quantum computer. While few can represent just one of two possibilities such as 0/1, yes / no, the qubit can represent more: 0/1, 1 and 0, the probability of occurrence at any time combined with more qubits, and all that simultaneously. In general quantum computers with qubit n can be in arbitrary superposition of up to 2 n different states simultaneously (this is compared to a normal computer that can only be in one state n 2 at a time).

To manipulate a qubit, then use Quantum Gates (Quantum Gate). The way it works is that a quantum gate works similar to a classical logic gate. The classical logical gate takes the bit as input, evaluates and processes the input and generates the new bit as output.

Quantum Gates

Quantum Gates / Quantum Gates is a logic / gate logic rule that applies to quantum computing. The working principle of quantum gates is almost the same as logic gates on digital computers. If on a digital computer there are some logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, on quantum computing quantum gates composed of several qubits, so that quantum gates is harder to calculate than logic on digital computers.

Example of Quatum Gate :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XJp3akoocY&feature=youtu.be

Shor’s Algorithm

The algorithm invented by Peter Shor in 1995. By using this algorithm, a quantum computer can decode a secret code that is currently commonly used to secure data transmission. Code called RSA code, if encoded through the RSA code, the data sent will be safe because the RSA code can not be solved in a short time. In addition, RSA code splitting requires the work of thousands of computers in parallel so that the work of solving it is not effective.

Shor's algorithm depends on the result of number theory. These results are: periodic function. In the context of the Shor algorithm, n will be the number to be factored into. If the two numbers are coprime it means that the divisor is generally 1. The calculation of this function is for the exponential number, than it will take the exponential time on the classical computer. Shor's algorithm utilizes quantum parallelism to perform an exponential number of operations in one step.

Example of Shor's Algorithm :

https://youtu.be/zSmHXpVK6EA

About Quantum Gates dan Shor’s Algorithm

About the quantum gates and the shor algorithm, the Shor algorithm is based on a number theory: the function F (a) = xamod n is a periodic function if x is a relatively prime integer with n. In the Shor Algorithm, n will be an integer that wants to be factored. Calculating this functionality in a conventional computer for an exponential number will require an exponential time as well. On this issue the quantum shor algorithm utilizes quantum parallelism to do so in just one step. Since F (A) is a periodic function, then this function has a period r. Given x0mod n = 1, then xr mod n = 1, so is x2r mod n and so on

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Entanglement

After a little understanding what is quantum computation and quantum computer we will enter the discussion of Entanglement. Entanglement itself is still part of Quantum Computation. What is Entanglement? Entanglement is a quantum mechanical theory that describes how quickly and how strongly the connected particles of a Quantum computer are where if a particle is treated "A" it will give an "A" effect to other particles as well.

There is also another understanding of Entanglement according to Albert Einstein's "Quantum Entanglement" in term "Remote Wizarding" which is the basic nature of quantum mechanics. Entanglement allows quantum information to spread over tens of thousands of kilometers, and is only limited by how fast and how many entanglement pairs can work in space. From the source I get from the internet: [Quantum entanglement] is a phenomenon that connects two particles in such a way that the changes that occur in one particle are instantly reflected in other particles, although physically may be among them apart several light years.

source : 

https://amoekinspirasi.wordpress.com/2014/05/15/pengertian-quantum-computing-dan-implementasinya/ with translate

https://pandyapriyandi.blogspot.co.id/2016/04/pengoperasian-data-qubit-quantum-gates.html with translate